Means for plastering buildings.



Nu. 630,14l. Patented Aug. 1, I899.

. F. vemzzm.

' MEANS FOR PLASTERING BUILDINGS.

(Application filed Nov. 25, 1898.) (No Model.)

Invenlbr;

I'rederick Knezi j H a; 17 Chap/1y rue nomm Ptrcns ca, Purim-Luna. w-sumcrora mc.

UNTTTD STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK VENEZIA, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

MEANS FOR PLASTERING BUILDINGS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 630.141, dated August 1 1899.

Application filed November 25, 1898. berial No. 697,375. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK VENEZIA, a citizen of the United States, residing at Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Means for Plastering Buildings, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of thisinvention is the construction of a wall or ceiling which can be formed in sections each complete in itself, fully plastered and finished, and adapted to be secured in place with the minimum of labor-and care.

Referring to the drawings, forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is an elevation of my plaster-carrying frame. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the same through X X in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the mold in which is poured the plaster to be incorporated with saidframe.

As illustrated in Fig. 1, the basis of my plaster-holding frame consists of the metal bars A, preferably about half an inch thick by two inches Wide. These side bars A are held together by the joists B B, one at the upper ends thereof and the other at the lower ends. Said sidebars are secured to said joists by means of screws I), inserted through screwholes made in the side bars and driven firmly into the wooden joists. The upper joist B is not connected to the extreme ends of the side bars, but at a distance of two or three inches therefrom,as shown. The lowerjoist, however, is flush at its under surface with the extremities of the side bars. The side bars A are usually placed at distances of slightly less than three feet apart in order to accommodate the usual commercial Width of the netting O, which is designed to be secured to the front and back faces of the framework. Through this netting O, at distances of about six inches apart, are run the iron rods D, the ends of which are adapted to rest against the edges of the side bars A and are firmly secured thereto by wire twisted thereabout, as indicated in Fig. 2 at w. If I am constructin g a partition-wall, 1 fasten such netting and stiffening-rods to both faces of the framework, but if an outside wall, to what will be the front face alone of the frame. This completes the framework of my wall-section. To apply the plaster and finish thereto is done in the following manner: Having constructeda mold with a perfectly smooth tloor L and shallow sides L L but of a length equal to the distance from joist B to B and of a width slightly in excess of the lengths of the rods D, I flood the floor thereof with a thin layer of liquid plaster-of-paris. This I allow to set until nearly hard, but still somewhat moist, and then flow upon the same a thicker layer of mixed plaster, sand, and hair. Then before this second layer has hardened I place one face of my framework upon the same, press ing the netting into the soft plaster and allowing the whole to remain until the plaster has become thoroughly hard. In the meantime while this is hardening I prepare a similar layer of plasteuof-paris overlaid with the mixed plaster and hair in a second mold placed beside the first. The first facing of plaster having solidified sufiiciently,I remove the same, with its attached framework, and lay the free netting of the latter in said second mold, similarly permitting the incorporation of the netting and plaster and allowing the same to remain until hard and firm.

In case the wall to be plastered is an outside one or a partition-wall for an unfinished room the plaster will be applied to only one face of the frame. Furthermore, for spaces above doors or above and beneath windows the side bars A will be cut short enough to fit the spaces for which they are wished; but the arrangement will otherwise remain the same. These Wall-sections are put up nearly but not quite touching each other, as shown in Fig. 1. This leaves an unfinished space between each pair of adjoining sections. To remedy this, a fiat board or similar surface is fastened against such joint, reaching from the floor nearly to the ceiling, and through this top opening liquid plaster-of-paris is poured until the entire space is filled. When the said board is removed, the wall is found to be smooth and unbroken. In applying these wall-sections holes are cut in the timbers F above the line of the proposed wall, as shown in Fig. 1, and the projecting ends of the side bars A pressed up therein and blocks H inserted beneath the joist B, forming the bottom of the frame. These blocks having been nailed to the flooring and said joist nailed to the blocks, the space between said blocks, joist, and the floor is filled with broken stone or brick and coment K, as shown in Fig. 1.

In Fig. 1, P indicates a portion of the plaster applied to the netting, the remainder being broken away. The part P between the dotted lines representing the edges of the adjacent side bars A indicates the plaster-ofparis which has been poured between said side bars, as above described.

In place of a solid beam F having holesf formed therein two beams F can be used, with blocks F nailed between, as shown in Fig. 2 and at the right-hand part of Fig. 1.

Although I have described my invention as applied to walls, it is equally adapted for the ceilings of buildings as well. For this latter purpose the netting and plaster are affixed to but one face of the framethe under side, of course; but the details of the frame and the method of applying the plaster are precisely the same.

The side bars A are adapted to extend entirely across the width of the ceiling, the projecting ends of the same being inserted into proper apertures in the timbers at one side of the room and the joist B being nailed directly to the beams at the opposite wall. In this case the blocks H are not employed. In

- fact, said blocks are not essential to the fastening in place of the section-frames even in the case of walls, but enable the same to be brought up into position with greater case.

If the floor above the ceiling is entirely closed, plaster can be applied to the spaces between the sectionsin the usual manner; but if the said flooring has not been laid liquid plaster-of-paris can be poured into such spaces from above, a suitable board being socured beneath the same.

' WhatIclaim as myinvention,and for which I desire to secure Letters Patent, is as follows, to wit:

1. In a means for plastering the walls or ceilings of buildings, the side bars, the joists uniting the same, one at the foot and the other a short distance below the upper ends of said side bars, the netting and stiffening-rods secured to said side bars,and means for securing said frame in place, such means comprising a beam having apertures therein for the reception of the said projecting ends of said side bars, and blocks for supporting the lower joist of said frame, all combined as set forth.

2. In a means for plastering walls of buildings, the metal side bars, the joists uniting the same, one at the foot and the otherashort distance below the upper ends of said side bars, the netting and stiffening-rods secured to both front and back faces of the frame consisting of the joists and side bars, the layers of plaster-of-paris and mixed plaster and hair held by said netting, in combination with means for fastening the entire wall-section in place, substantially as set forth.

3. In a means for plastering walls of buildings, the combination with the wall-sections nearly touching each other and plastered and finished before being set up, of the plaster-of paris applied between said sections, as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing invention I have hereunto set my hand this 18thday of November, 1898.

FREDERICK VENEZIA.

Witnesses:

H. L. JOHNSON, A. B. UPHAM. 

